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Elephant: The Largest Land Mammal

Elephants are the largest land mammals in the world. They are mostly found in Africa and Asia. There are three different species of elephant – the African Savannah elephant, the African Forest elephant and the Asian elephant. The African elephant is slightly larger than the Asian elephant and they have certain distinctive features.

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Interesting Facts on Elephants

The African Forest elephant is now listed as Critically Endangered, the African Savannah elephant and the Asian elephant are now listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. For more details refer to the Special Report on page 4.

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Did you know that the African elephants have large cars shaped like the continent of Africa? Whereas, the Asian elephants have smaller ears shaped like India.

The elephant tusks are enlarged incisor teeth that usually appear when the elephant is 2 years old. The elephant tusks never stop growing.

Female elephants live in a herd with other female elephants and calves. Male ele-phants usually live alone.

Research suggests that elephants can recognise themselves in a mirror. This ability to distinguish oneself from others is seen in humans and chimpanzees.

It’s crazy but true that elephants spend 12 to 18 hours a day eating grass, plants and fruits. Elephants are herbivorous.

August 12 is World Elephant Day!

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African Elephants Are Disappearing!

African elephants are the largest land animals on Earth. However, they are now facing a severe crisis, as highlighted in a recent comprehensive study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. There are two species of African elephants – the Savanna Elephant and the Forest Elephant.

 

Also read, Two Brothers Find Bones Of Prehistoric Elephant

bbc.co.uk

Researchers analysed data from 475 sites across 37 countries, covering a period from 1964 to 2016, and found that:

Savanna Elephants: Populations have dropped by an average of 70% across surveyed sites.

iucn.org

Forest Elephants: Populations have decreased by around 90%, marking a sharper decline than their savanna counterparts.

origin-congo.wwf-sites.org

In total, the two species combined have seen a 77% population reduction across surveyed locations.

These losses are especially pronounced in northern and eastern Africa due to intense poaching and habitat loss. But, there is some good news as well. The study also found that even though some elephant groups have disappeared, some groups have increased in countries like Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Namibia.

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